Review Papers

Kreider R.B., Wilborn C.D., Taylor L., Campbell B., Almada A.L., Collins R., Cooke M., Earnest C.P., Greenwood M., Kalman D.S., Kerksick C.M., Kleiner S.M., Leutholtz B., Lopez H., Lowery L.M., Mendel R., Smith A., Spano M., Wildman R., Willoughby D.S., Ziegenfuss T.N., and J. Antonio, 2010 ISSN exercise & sports nutrition review: research and recommendations, J. Int. Soc. Sports Nutr. 7:7 This is the official position paper of the International Society of Sports Nutrition.  This review discusses the history of dietary supplements as well as overall nutritional needs of athletes.  Research studies are reviewed and ergogenic supplements rated.  HMB was rated in the second highest category of possibly effective supplements for muscle building and performance enhancement.  This means that HMB has credible studies showing effectiveness for the recommended uses.

Cherniack MD, E. P., H. J. Florez MD PhD, and B. R. Troen, MD, 2007 Emerging therapies to treat fraility syndrome in the elderly, Altern. Med. Rev. 12:246-258 This review paper discusses dietary supplement and exercise interventions for fraility syndrome in the ederly.  Fraility syndrome is a major predictor of decreased health, well-being, and longevity in the elderly.  HMB and Vitamin D are the only supplements reviewed in this paper that have been shown to improve strength and balance in randomized, placebo-controlled studies with elderly subjects.

Palisin, T. and J.J. Stacy, MD, 2005 ß-Hydroxy-ß-methylbutyrate (HMB) and its use in athletics, Current Sports Med. Reports 4:220-223 Studies reviewed showed HMB may be beneficial in increasing lean mass in a number of groups (AIDS and cancer patients as well as athletes). No study has shown adverse effects of HMB as have been seen with other supplement regimens.